Managing Polycystic Ovaries During Pregnancy

Pregnancy should be an exciting journey full of happiness and positive anticipation. However, this joyful period may be dampened by polycystic ovaries syndrome, which can lead to complications during the duration of pregnancy and childbirth. 

Let us understand more about polycystic ovaries during pregnancy, its challenges, and management steps for this condition.

What Is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal condition in which women don’t get their periods regularly. They may not get periods for many days or periods that last longer than usual. As per research, 1 in 10 women face this disorder before menopause and face its complications. Getting pregnant with PCOS can become challenging as it can bring many hormonal changes

PCOS and Getting Pregnant

PCOS can impact pregnancy in multiple ways. The hormonal imbalances associated with PCOS can interfere with ovulation, making it more challenging for women to conceive.  Women with PCOS experience insulin resistance, which can further complicate fertility. Despite these obstacles, many women with PCOS can become pregnant, often with the assistance of fertility treatments and lifestyle changes. However, there might be some concerns that need to be kept in mind.

Challenges of Polycystic Ovaries During Pregnancy

Polycystic ovaries cause certain complications with fertility and pregnancy. Research has found polycystic ovary syndrome can cause complications in pregnancy and childbirth due to various characteristics of the condition. These include:

• Increased Risk of Miscarriage: Women with PCOS have a higher miscarriage risk compared to those without the condition.
• Gestational Diabetes: Gestational diabetes is seen in women with PCOS due to insulin resistance. This condition can cause complications such as high birth weight, premature birth, and an increased likelihood of cesarean delivery.
• Preeclampsia: Preeclampsia can cause high blood pressure and protein in the urine, posing another risk for pregnant women with PCOS. This condition can lead to problems for both mother and baby if not managed properly.
• Premature Birth: Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of delivering their babies prematurely. Premature birth can lead to various health issues for the newborn, including respiratory problems and developmental delays.
• Macrosomia: Macrosomia, or having a large baby, is a potential complication for women with PCOS. This can increase the likelihood of delivery complications, such as shoulder dystocia and the need for a cesarean section.

How to Maintain a Healthy Pregnancy with PCOS?

PCOS management is necessary during pregnancy. Women with PCOS face unique challenges that require careful attention and proactive strategies to navigate successfully. Below are essential considerations for managing PCOS during pregnancy to aid a positive pregnancy experience.

●     Preconception Care

○     Preconception Counseling: Preconception Counseling with a healthcare provider before attempting to conceive can help manage PCOS symptoms and enhance fertility. Necessary adjustments in medication and lifestyle can help.

○     Healthy Weight and Diet: To manage PCOS, it is advised to lose at least 5% of body weight. A balanced diet can help manage menstrual cycles and improve ovulation.

○     Regular Exercise: Consistent physical activity can help manage weight, reduce insulin resistance, and improve overall well-being.

 ●     Prenatal Care

○     Close Monitoring: Regular prenatal check-ups are essential for monitoring blood pressure and fetal growth, allowing for early detection and management of potential complications.

○     Blood Pressure Monitoring: Regularly tracking blood pressure helps in the early identification and management of preeclampsia, ensuring timely intervention.

●     Lifestyle Modifications

○     Healthy Diet: A diet rich in low-glycemic-index foods helps manage blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of gestational diabetes.

○     Exercise: Maintaining a regular, doctor-approved exercise regimen supports a healthy weight and reduces stress.

○     Stress Management: Incorporating relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises helps manage stress levels during pregnancy.

Planning for Delivery with PCOS 

By working closely with healthcare providers and developing a proper birth plan, expectant mothers can better prepare for complications of PCOS. Emotional support and access to resources can also play a vital role in navigating this critical phase of pregnancy. The following steps can be taken: 

• Special Considerations: Women with PCOS should discuss any specific concerns or risks with their healthcare providers to be thoroughly prepared.
• Birth Plan and Options: It is important to understand different birth options, including natural birth, cesarean section, and the use of pain relief methods, to determine the best approach for a safe delivery.
• Emotional Support: Seeking support from partners, family, friends, and support groups can provide emotional strength and reassurance during the delivery process.
• Resources: Using available resources such as online communities, support groups, and educational materials can help women with PCOS feel more prepared and informed about their delivery options.

Cultivating a Safe Space for Women with PCOS

A supportive and inclusive environment is important for women managing PCOS and getting pregnant. Whether through family, friends, healthcare providers, or support groups, a safe space where women feel understood and supported can enhance their pregnancy experience. Essential steps may include: 

• Emotional Support: Encourage open communication and emotional support with loved ones about the challenges and concerns related to PCOS. 
• Healthcare Provider Relationship: Women should feel comfortable discussing their symptoms, treatment options, and concerns with their healthcare provider.
• Support Groups: Joining PCOS-specific support groups, both online and in-person, can connect women with others who understand their experiences.
• Education and Resources: Access to accurate information and educational resources about PCOS can empower women to make informed decisions about their health. 
• Stress Management: Incorporating stress-relief techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, and meditation can help manage the emotional strain associated with PCOS.

When to Consult a Doctor?

If you are diagnosed with PCOS and are pregnant, you must seek regular medical advice and follow your healthcare provider’s suggestions to maintain your health and well-being throughout the pregnancy.

PCOS During Pregnancy Can Be Managed Through Comprehensive Care

While PCOS can pose challenges during pregnancy, it is possible to have a healthy pregnancy with proper management. Women with PCOS should work closely with their healthcare providers to address their concerns and create a comprehensive care plan. With the right support and resources, women with PCOS can look forward to a positive and hopeful pregnancy journey.

North Atlanta Women’s Care Supports You Towards Healthier Pregnancy and Childbirth

At North Atlanta Women’s Care, we stand with women facing challenges like PCOS, heavy menstrual bleeding, and other pregnancy risks and reproductive conditions. Our experienced team aims to guide women toward a healthier pregnancy and safe childbirth experience. Request an appointment with us today.

Read our blog How Does PCOS Affect Fertility and Can You Get Pregnant with It? to learn more about pregnancy and PCOS.